How to Find First QUARTILE in Excel

What this does

QUARTILE splits a dataset into four equal parts, returning the value at whichever boundary you request. Its second argument is an index from 0 to 4, not a percentage, which trips people who come to it from PERCENTILE. Its practical value is the interquartile range: quartile 3 minus quartile 1 gives the spread of the middle half, and the standard outlier rule flags anything beyond 1.5 IQRs outside those bounds. That is also exactly what a box plot draws, so QUARTILE is how you replicate one numerically. The same idea underpins a lot of everyday Excel work, so the few minutes spent getting it right here pay back across every sheet you build afterwards. Treat it as a pattern, not a one-off, and it stops being something you look up and starts being something you reach for. The difference between a quick fix and a sheet you can trust is the extra minute you spend validating “find first quartile in excel”. Start on a copy or a tiny sample, keep the affected cells visible, and compare the result with the tool above before you touch the real workbook. When a formula is involved, keep the inputs labelled beside it, reference cells instead of typing values, and apply number formatting only after the result checks out. The point is a data step that keeps your analysis trustworthy, but the practical win is that someone else can open the file and understand what happened without asking you.

A worked example

Order values in B2:B200: =QUARTILE.INC(B2:B200, 1) and =QUARTILE.INC(B2:B200, 3) give the quartile bounds, and their difference is the IQR. An upper outlier threshold is =QUARTILE.INC(B2:B200,3) + 1.5*(QUARTILE.INC(B2:B200,3)-QUARTILE.INC(B2:B200,1)). QUARTILE is the numeric basis of the box plot and the standard outlier rule, which makes it the fastest way to describe spread without assuming a distribution. A practical tip before you scale it up: build it once on a small block of test data, confirm the number against the tool on this page, and only then point it at your real sheet. That one habit catches almost every mistake while it is still cheap to fix, long before a wrong figure reaches a report or a colleague.

In Google Sheets

Google Sheets handles this almost identically to Excel. The formula syntax above is the same, and the menu lives under a slightly different label rather than a ribbon tab. Use the platform toggle at the top of the page to switch every keyboard shortcut between Windows and Mac, and expect at most cosmetic differences in naming. The aim was to get you unstuck fast and leave you a little more capable than a copy-paste would. The answer is at the top and the detail above shows why it holds — so the next time a colleague asks, you can answer without reaching for search. If you take one thing from this page on “find first quartile in excel”, make it the habit rather than the keystrokes: set the problem up with labelled inputs, reference those cells, and let Excel do the recomputing. Bookmark the page for the syntax, but do the example once in a blank sheet and check it against the tool above — five minutes of hands-on practice fixes the method in memory far better than re-reading, and it surfaces the small snags while they are still harmless. After that the technique is genuinely yours: faster than searching for it again, and reliable enough to drop into work that other people depend on.

Common mistakes

• Passing 0.25 instead of 1 — the argument is an index from 0 to 4, not a proportion.
• Using QUARTILE.EXC on small samples where the boundary is undefined, which returns #NUM!.
• Reporting quartiles on a tiny dataset, where they are unstable and a simple sorted list says more.

Frequently asked questions